Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disorder that affects the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nails. Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the mucous membranes inside the mouth, including the cheeks, tongue, and gums. It is considered an autoimmune disease, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the oral tissues, leading to inflammation and the development of characteristic lesions. The exact cause of oral lichen planus is still unknown, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic, immune, and environmental factors such as stress and viral infections, may also contribute to the development of OLP.


Symptoms:


• White, lacy pattern on the inside of the cheeks, gums, tongue, or other areas inside the mouth.

• Pain or discomfort in the mouth.

• Sensitivity to certain foods, spices, or temperatures.

• Bumps or blisters that may rupture and form ulcers.

• Dry mouth or a metallic taste.

• Sensitivity to hot or cold temperatures.

• Difficulty eating or speaking, depending on the severity.


The most common symptom of OLP is the presence of white, lacy patches or lines on the inside of the mouth. These patches may be accompanied by redness, swelling, and discomfort or pain, especially when eating or drinking acidic or spicy foods. In severe cases, the patches may develop into open sores or ulcers.


Diagnosis:
Diagnosis of OLP is typically based on a physical examination of the mouth and a review of the patient's medical history. A biopsy may also be performed to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions.


Treatment:
While there is no known cure for oral lichen planus, treatment aims to manage symptoms and prevent complications. Depending on the severity of the condition, treatment options may include topical corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, or retinoids, mouth rinses, oral medications, and lifestyle changes such as avoiding irritants like spicy foods or alcohol. Regular dental check-ups are also important to monitor the condition and address any complications. Patients with OLP should also avoid smoking, alcohol, and certain foods that may irritate the mouth.


• Topical corticosteroids: Medications in the form of creams, gels, or mouth rinses that can help reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms.

• Immunosuppressants: In more severe cases, medications that suppress the immune system may be prescribed.

• Pain relief measures: Over-the-counter pain relievers or topical anesthetics may be recommended to manage discomfort.

• Good oral hygiene: Maintaining proper oral hygiene practices can help prevent secondary infections and promote oral health.

• Avoiding triggers: Identifying and avoiding any potential triggers, such as certain foods or oral hygiene products, that may exacerbate symptoms.



Complications:


In some cases, oral lichen planus may lead to complications such as oral infections, difficulty eating or speaking, and an increased risk of oral cancer. It is important to seek medical attention if you suspect you have oral lichen planus or if your symptoms worsen or persist.


While OLP itself is not contagious or life-threatening, it may increase the risk of oral cancer in some patients. Therefore, patients with OLP should have regular follow-up appointments with their dentist or oral health care provider to monitor for any changes or signs of cancer.


In conclusion, OLP is a chronic inflammatory disorder that affects the mucous membranes in the mouth. While there is no cure for OLP, treatment can help alleviate symptoms and prevent complications. Patients with OLP should have regular follow-up appointments with their dentist or oral health care provider to monitor for any changes or signs of cancer. Smile In Minutes Multispecialty Dental Clinic has best dentist in the area to help you in diagnosing and treating and managing the oral lichen planus.